124
00:11:48,040 --> 00:11:54,637
如同其它黑人教會一般，三一教會的講道
充滿了喧鬧的笑聲及時而俗氣下流的幽默
Like other black churches, Trinity's services are full of raucous laughter and sometimes bawdy humor.
125
00:11:54,672 --> 00:12:03,085
它們充滿了對不熟悉的人而言
可能刺耳的舞蹈、擊掌、尖叫與高呼
They are full of dancing, clapping, screaming and shouting that may seem jarring to the untrained ear.
126
00:12:04,036 --> 00:12:10,277
這教會中完整包容了善良與殘酷、
熾烈的才智
The church contains in full the kindness and cruelty, the fierce intelligence
127
00:12:10,312 --> 00:12:19,381
與驚人的無知、掙扎與成功、
愛心與苦澀及偏見
and the shocking ignorance, the struggles and successes, the love and yes, the bitterness and bias
128
00:12:19,416 --> 00:12:23,049
這些組成美國黑人生活的全部經驗
that make up the black experience in America.
129
00:12:24,095 --> 00:12:27,977
而這，也許，能幫助
解釋我與Wright牧師的關係
And this helps explain, perhaps, my relationship with Reverend Wright.
130
00:12:28,722 --> 00:12:33,316
即使他如此地不完美
他對於我還是如同親人一般
As imperfect as he may be, he has been like family to me.
131
00:12:34,036 --> 00:12:41,498
他堅定了我的信仰、
主持我的婚禮、並領洗我的孩子
He strengthened my faith, officiated my wedding, and baptized my children.
132
00:12:42,532 --> 00:12:50,208
我在與他談話時
從未曾聽到他對其他族裔說出貶抑之詞
Not once in my conversations with him have I heard him talk about any ethnic group in derogatory terms
133
00:12:50,243 --> 00:12:55,925
或是在對待任何他所接觸的白人時
有任何禮貌與尊重之外的舉止
or treat whites with whom he interacted with anything but courtesy and respect.
134
00:12:56,350 --> 00:13:06,338
他在其本性中之中包含了，
他如此多年來勤奮服務的族群的所有特質
He contains within him the contradictions - the good and the bad - of the community that he has served diligently for so many years.
135
00:13:07,438 --> 00:13:12,421
我不能與他斷絕關係
正如同我不能與黑人族群斷絕關係
I can no more disown him than I can disown the black community.
136
00:13:12,680 --> 00:13:17,306
我不能與他斷絕關係
正如同我不能與我的白人祖母斷絕關係
I can no more disown him than I can my white grandmother
137
00:13:17,558 --> 00:13:22,302
我的白人祖母協助養育我
一次又一次地為我做出犧牲
- a woman who helped raise me, a woman who sacrificed again and again for me,
138
00:13:22,337 --> 00:13:26,545
而且愛我如同她愛這世上任何事物
a woman who loves me as much as she loves anything in this world,
139
00:13:26,580 --> 00:13:33,104
但她也曾經承認她對路過黑人男子的恐懼
but a woman who once confessed her fear of black men who passed by her on the street,
140
00:13:33,139 --> 00:13:39,445
而她也曾不止一次說出讓我
揪心蜷縮的種族刻板印象字句
and who on more than one occasion has uttered racial or ethnic stereotypes that made me cringe.
141
00:13:41,176 --> 00:13:43,590
這些人都是我的一部份
These people are a part of me.
142
00:13:44,415 --> 00:13:48,856
而且他們也是美國的一部份
這個我所摯愛的國家
And they are a part of America, this country that I love.
143
00:13:50,148 --> 00:13:57,368
有些人會把這視為一個將單純
不可原諒的文字合理化或找藉口的嘗試
Some will see this as an attempt to justify or excuse comments that are simply inexcusable.
144
00:13:57,945 --> 00:13:59,697
我可以向你保證，這不是
I can assure you it is not.
145
00:14:00,388 --> 00:14:07,772
我想，政治上安全的做法應該是
讓這事件過去，然後希望它消失在叢林之中
I suppose the politically safe thing would be to move on from this episode and just hope that it fades into the woodwork
146
00:14:07,807 --> 00:14:11,671
我們可以將Wright牧師
當作怪人或煽動者來打發掉
We can dismiss Reverend Wright as a crank or a demagogue
147
00:14:11,671 --> 00:14:14,400
如同有些人在她最近發表言論之後
148
00:14:14,400 --> 00:14:18,944
以隱藏著深層的種族偏見為由
打發了Geraldine Ferraro一樣
, just as some have dismissed Geraldine Ferraro, in the aftermath of her recent statements, as harboring some deep-seated racial bias.
149
00:14:19,895 --> 00:14:25,190
但種族議題，我相信是這國家
不能在此時忽略的議題
But race is an issue that I believe this nation cannot afford to ignore right now.
150
00:14:25,924 --> 00:14:31,896
若如此做，則我們將會犯了如同Wright牧師
那些令人反感的講道一樣的錯
We would be making the same mistake that Reverend Wright made in his offending sermons about America
151
00:14:31,931 --> 00:14:39,606
將刻板印象簡化放大負面觀點直到扭曲事實
- to simplify and stereotype and amplify the negative to the point that it distorts reality.
152
00:14:41,031 --> 00:14:46,979
事實是，最近這幾周所出現的
評論及浮現的議題
The fact is that the comments that have been made and the issues that have surfaced over the last few weeks
153
00:14:47,014 --> 00:14:51,735
反映了在這個國家中，
種族這複雜議題其實從來沒有得到真正解決
reflect the complexities of race in this country that we've never really worked through
154
00:14:51,770 --> 00:14:57,389
這是我們聯邦仍需改善以求更完美的一部份
- a part of our union that we have yet to perfect.
155
00:14:58,453 --> 00:14:59,836
如果我們現在遠離這個議題
And if we walk away now,
156
00:14:59,871 --> 00:15:03,110
如果我們僅僅撤退回各自的角落
if we simply retreat into our respective corners,
157
00:15:03,145 --> 00:15:06,059
我們永遠不會聚在一起
we will never be able to come together
158
00:15:06,094 --> 00:15:12,494
一同解決如醫療體系、教育、
或為每個人找份好工作的真正挑戰
and solve challenges like health care, or education, or the need to find good jobs for every American.
159
00:15:14,648 --> 00:15:16,972
要理解......
160
00:15:32,764 --> 00:15:39,456
要瞭解這個現實，得先瞭解
我們是如何到達這個局面的
Understanding this reality requires a reminder of how we arrived at this point.
161
00:15:39,963 --> 00:15:42,230
如同William Faulkner 所說
As William Faulkner once wrote,
162
00:15:42,265 --> 00:15:44,632
「過去還沒有蓋棺論定
"The past isn't dead and buried.
163
00:15:44,667 --> 00:15:47,275
說實在的，過去根本還沒有過去。」
In fact, it isn't even past."
164
00:15:48,430 --> 00:15:52,436
我們並不需要在這裡重述
這國家中種族不正義的歷史
We do not need to recite here the history of racial injustice in this country.
165
00:15:53,390 --> 00:16:02,598
但我們確實需要提醒我們自己
今日在非裔美人族群中所存在的許多分歧
But we do need to remind ourselves that so many of the disparities that exist in the African-American community today 166
00:16:02,633 --> 00:16:07,804
可以直接追溯到從上一代
遺留下來的不平等待遇、
can be directly traced to inequalities passed on from an earlier generation
167
00:16:07,804 --> 00:16:11,972
在奴隸制度與Jim Crow種族
分離法案之下受苦的殘酷遺產
that suffered under the brutal legacy of slavery and Jim Crow.
168
00:16:12,587 --> 00:16:17,173
種族分離的學校曾經是，
而且仍然是，較差的學校
Segregated schools were, and are, inferior schools
169
00:16:17,208 --> 00:16:22,643
我們在布朗vs教育董事會一案判決
之後五十年，仍然還沒有解決這個問題
we still haven't fixed them, fifty years after Brown v. Board of Education,
170
00:16:31,261 --> 00:16:36,827
而他們所提供的較差教育
無論當時及現在
and the inferior education they provided, then and now
171
00:16:36,862 --> 00:16:41,524
協助解釋了今日白人與黑人學生
之間普遍的成就差距
, helps explain the pervasive achievement gap between today's black and white students.
172
00:16:42,521 --> 00:16:44,673
訂於法令中的歧視
Legalized discrimination
173
00:16:45,253 --> 00:16:48,949
當黑人被以暴力強迫禁止擁有財產、
- where blacks were prevented, often through violence, from owning property,
174
00:16:48,984 --> 00:16:52,296
或是不借款給非裔美人的小生意老闆、
or loans were not granted to African-American business owners,
175
00:16:52,331 --> 00:16:55,903
或是黑人購屋者不能夠
獲得聯邦住屋局的貸款
or black homeowners could not access FHA mortgages,
176
00:16:55,938 --> 00:17:01,471
或是將黑人排除于工會、
員警、消防隊之外等等
or blacks were excluded from unions, or the police force, or fire departments
177
00:17:01,506 --> 00:17:07,493
這代表者黑人家庭不能夠累積
足夠的財富，來遺留給下一代
- meant that black families could not amass any meaningful wealth to bequeath to future generations.
178
00:17:08,192 --> 00:17:12,689
這個歷史協助解釋了
黑白之間的收入及財富差距
That history helps explain the wealth and income gap between black and white
179
00:17:12,724 --> 00:17:19,501
以及在今日這麼多城市及鄉村社區中
密集的貧困區域
, and the concentrated pockets of poverty that persists in so many of today's urban and rural communities.
180
00:17:20,388 --> 00:17:23,490
在黑人男性中經濟機會的缺乏
A lack of economic opportunity among black men,
181
00:17:23,525 --> 00:17:29,342
以及不能供養家庭所產生的羞愧與挫折
and the shame and frustration that came from not being able to provide for one's family,
182
00:17:29,377 --> 00:17:32,924
導致了黑人家庭的侵蝕
contributed to the erosion of black families
183
00:17:32,959 --> 00:17:36,793
這個問題可能還受多年以來
的福利政策影響，而變的更差
- a problem that welfare policies for many years may have worsened.
184
00:17:37,473 --> 00:17:41,502
而且許多都市黑人社區中缺乏基本服務
And the lack of basic services in so many urban black neighborhoods
185
00:17:41,502 --> 00:17:45,507
如孩子們能遊戲的公園、按規巡邏的員警
- parks for kids to play in, police walking the beat,
186
00:17:45,542 --> 00:17:48,737
正規化的垃圾收集服務以及建築法規執法等
regular garbage pick-up and building code enforcement
187
00:17:49,654 --> 00:17:56,061
全都協助創造了一直困擾我們的
一個暴力、荒蕪及漠視的迴圈
- all helped create a cycle of violence, blight and neglect that continue to haunt us.
188
00:17:57,494 --> 00:18:03,783
這是Wright牧師以及他那一代的
許多非裔美人成長過程所面對的現實
This is the reality in which Reverend Wright and other African-Americans of his generation grew up.
189
00:18:04,372 --> 00:18:07,694
他們在五十年代末期及六十年代初時成年
They came of age in the late fifties and early sixties,
190
00:18:07,729 --> 00:18:13,562
一個種族隔離仍屬於法律規定
而機會遭受到系統化限制的時代
a time when segregation was still the law of the land and opportunity was systematically constricted.
191
00:18:14,709 --> 00:18:18,587
值得評論的不是在歧視之下
有多少人失敗了
What's remarkable is not how many failed in the face of discrimination
192
00:18:18,622 --> 00:18:21,784
而是有多少男男女女克服了困境
, but rather how many men and women overcame the odds;
193
00:18:21,819 --> 00:18:28,776
在無路之處篳路藍縷，
為我這一輩後來者開出條路來
how many were able to make a way out of no way for those like me who would come after them.
194
00:18:29,635 --> 00:18:36,189
但在所有努力奮鬥出一條路來獲得
美國夢一角的人之外，還有許多人沒能成功
But for all those who scratched and clawed their way to get a piece of the American Dream, there were many who didn't make it
195
00:18:36,968 --> 00:18:41,307
這些在各種原因之下，
因遭受歧視而終究敗下陣來的人
- those who were ultimately defeated, in one way or another, by discrimination.
196
00:18:41,605 --> 00:18:45,576
這些失敗的遺留效應
也被傳遞到新生的下一代
That legacy of defeat was passed on to future generations
197
00:18:45,611 --> 00:18:52,327
那些在街角呆站或在監獄裡消沉的少男
以及逐漸增加的少女
- those young men and increasingly young women who we see standing on street corners or languishing in our prisons
198
00:18:52,362 --> 00:18:55,238
對將來沒有一丁點希望或期待
without hope or prospects for the future.
199
00:18:56,161 --> 00:18:59,151
即使是那些取得成功的黑人
Even for those blacks who did make it,
200
00:18:59,186 --> 00:19:06,237
種族問題和種族歧視依然
以根本的方式定義著他們的世界觀
questions of race, and racism, continue to define their worldview in fundamental ways.
201
00:19:06,924 --> 00:19:15,280
對於Wright牧師那一代的男男女女
羞辱、懷疑與恐懼的記憶並沒有離開
For the men and women of Reverend Wright's generation, the memories of humiliation and doubt and fear have not gone away;
202
00:19:15,997 --> 00:19:20,141
那些年來的憤怒與苦澀也依然留下
nor has the anger and the bitterness of those years.
203
00:19:21,016 --> 00:19:27,848
那些憤怒也許不會在公開場合中
在白人朋友或同事面前表示出來
That anger may not get expressed in public, in front of white co-workers or white friends.
204
00:19:28,173 --> 00:19:34,161
但是這些仍然會在理髮店或餐桌旁發聲
But it does find voice in the barbershop or around the kitchen table.
205
00:19:34,196 --> 00:19:37,586
有時候，那些憤怒受到政治人物的利用
At times, that anger is exploited by politicians,
206
00:19:37,621 --> 00:19:43,068
沿著種族界線來獲取選票、
或是用來掩蓋政治人物自己的不足
to gin up votes along racial lines, or to make up for a politician's own failings.
207
00:19:43,843 --> 00:19:48,372
偶爾，這些憤怒也在周日上午的
教堂中發出聲音來
And occasionally it finds voice in the church on Sunday morning,
208
00:19:48,407 --> 00:19:51,046
在講道臺上、在聽眾席中
in the pulpit and in the pews.
209
00:19:52,257 --> 00:20:02,686
有這麼多人對於聽到Wright牧師講道中的憤怒
感到驚訝這個事實，正提醒我們那句老話：
The fact that so many people are surprised to hear that anger in some of Reverend Wright's sermons simply reminds us of the old truism 210
00:20:02,721 --> 00:20:06,544
在美國人的生活中，種族隔離最嚴重的時間
是在星期日上午大家上教堂的時候
that the most segregated hour in American life occurs on Sunday morning
211
00:20:08,256 --> 00:20:09,171
那份......
212
00:20:15,457 --> 00:20:18,343
那份怒氣並不總是有用的
That anger is not always productive;
213
00:20:18,631 --> 00:20:23,533
事實上，太多時候它模糊了該解決的真正議題
indeed, all too often it distracts attention from solving real problems;
214
00:20:23,568 --> 00:20:30,621
這使我們不能正面面對我們
自己在這處境中所應負起的責任
it keeps us from squarely facing our own complicity in our condition,
215
00:20:30,656 --> 00:20:37,384
也阻止了非裔美人族群組成
促進真正改變所需要的聯盟
and prevents the African-American community from forging the alliances it needs to bring about real change.
216
00:20:37,705 --> 00:20:41,615
但是這份怒氣是真實的，強烈的
But the anger is real; it is powerful;
217
00:20:41,650 --> 00:20:47,641
而單純許願希望它消失
批評它而不去瞭解它的根源
and to simply wish it away, to condemn it without understanding its roots,
218
00:20:47,676 --> 00:20:52,644
只能讓種族之間誤解的隙縫更加拉寬
only serves to widen the chasm of misunderstanding that exists between the races.
219
00:20:54,558 --> 00:20:59,947
事實上，在白人族群中的一些區塊
也存在著相類似的憤怒
In fact, a similar anger exists within segments of the white community.
220
00:21:00,791 --> 00:21:07,726
大部分勞工階級與中產階級的美國白人
並不覺得他們因自身種族而得到了什麼特權
Most working- and middle-class white Americans don't feel that they have been particularly privileged by their race.
221
00:21:07,761 --> 00:21:11,260
他們的經驗是外來移民的經驗
Their experience is the immigrant experience
222
00:21:11,295 --> 00:21:14,741
就他們所知，從來沒有什麼人給過他們什麼
- as far as they're concerned, no one's handed them anything,
223
00:21:14,694 --> 00:21:16,365
他們從零開始建立一切
they've built it from scratch.
224
00:21:16,522 --> 00:21:18,304
他們一生努力工作
They've worked hard all their lives,
225
00:21:18,339 --> 00:21:21,374
但很多時候卻看到職位被轉移到海外
many times only to see their jobs shipped overseas
226
00:21:21,409 --> 00:21:24,120
或是退休金在奮鬥一輩子後化為烏有
or their pension dumped after a lifetime of labor.
227
00:21:24,155 --> 00:21:29,425
他們對於他們的未來感到焦慮
也感受到夢想正在從手中溜走
They are anxious about their futures, and feel their dreams slipping away;
228
00:21:29,460 --> 00:21:33,709
在一個工資漲幅停頓與全球競爭的時代
in an era of stagnant wages and global competition,
229
00:21:33,744 --> 00:21:40,872
機會被視為一個零和遊戲
也就是你的夢想是從我手中奪走的
opportunity comes to be seen as a zero sum game, in which your dreams come at my expense.
230
00:21:40,907 --> 00:21:45,464
所以當有人告訴他們要送他們的
小孩坐公車到城市另一端
So when they are told to bus their children to a school across town;
231
00:21:45,772 --> 00:21:52,163
當他們聽到非裔美人在爭取好工作
或大學入學名額有優先權
when they hear that an African American is getting an advantage in landing a good job or a spot in a good college
232
00:21:52,198 --> 00:21:55,452
而原因都在於他們自己從未犯下的過錯
because of an injustice that they themselves never committed;
233
00:21:55,487 --> 00:22:00,304
當有人告訴他們在心中
對市區犯罪的恐懼只不過是個偏見
when they're told that their fears about crime in urban neighborhoods are somehow prejudiced,
234
00:22:00,339 --> 00:22:03,247
埋怨便隨時間逐漸累積
resentment builds over time.
235
00:22:04,328 --> 00:22:09,801
正如黑人族群中的憤怒一般
這些埋怨並不總會在禮貌場合表達出來
Like the anger within the black community, these resentments aren't always expressed in polite company.
236
00:22:11,522 --> 00:22:16,711
但是它們協助了塑造至少
一整個世代的政治面貌
But they have helped shape the political landscape for at least a generation.
237
00:22:17,552 --> 00:22:22,247
對福利措施及保障入學政策
的憤怒協助促成了雷根的聯盟
Anger over welfare and affirmative action helped forge the Reagan Coalition.
238
00:22:22,513 --> 00:22:28,594
政治人物屢次利用對犯罪的
恐懼來達到自己的政治目的
Politicians routinely exploited fears of crime for their own electoral ends.
239
00:22:29,406 --> 00:22:37,055
脫口秀主持人和保守派評論員們靠著
指出不存在的種族歧視事件建立了整個事業
Talk show hosts and conservative commentators built entire careers unmasking bogus claims of racism
240
00:22:37,090 --> 00:22:41,924
而對真實種族不義及不公按理應該有的討論
while dismissing legitimate discussions of racial injustice and inequality
241
00:22:41,924 --> 00:22:45,576
卻被當作政治正確或是
逆向種族歧視給打發掉了
as mere political correctness or reverse racism.
242
00:22:54,920 --> 00:22:59,622
就如同黑人的憤怒常常實際上產生反效果
Just as black anger often proved counterproductive,
243
00:22:59,657 --> 00:23:05,932
這些白人的積怨也將注意力從對中產階級
遭受擠壓的真正罪魁禍首身上分散開來
so have these white resentments distracted attention from the real culprits of the middle class squeeze
244
00:23:05,967 --> 00:23:13,568
充滿了內線交易的公司文化、
可疑的會計操作、以及短視的貪婪
- a corporate culture rife with inside dealing, questionable accounting practices, and short-term greed;
245
00:23:13,603 --> 00:23:21,858
受到說客及利益團體掌控的華盛頓政府、
優惠少數而非多數的經濟政策等
a Washington dominated by lobbyists and special interests; economic policies that favor the few over the many.
246
00:23:22,770 --> 00:23:25,840
但，單純希望白人的積怨憑空消失
And yet, to wish away the resentments of white Americans,
247
00:23:26,212 --> 00:23:32,608
或是將他們貼上被誤導或種族主義的標籤
而不能理解他們有真實合理的背景
to label them as misguided or even racist, without recognizing they are grounded in legitimate concerns
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00:23:32,643 --> 00:23:35,536
這也加寬了種族之間的分歧
- this too widens the racial divide,
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00:23:35,571 --> 00:23:38,195
且阻擋了通往真正諒解的道路
and blocks the path to understanding.
250
00:23:40,236 --> 00:23:42,542
這，就是我們現在的情況
This is where we are right now.
251
00:23:42,577 --> 00:23:46,614
這是個我們已經受困其中
多年的種族僵持局面
It's a racial stalemate we've been stuck in for years.
252
00:23:47,377 --> 00:23:50,866
與某些批評我的人所說相反
無論是黑人白人
Contrary to the claims of some of my critics, black and white,
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00:23:50,901 --> 00:23:55,027
我從未天真到相信我們可以
在一次選舉週期中
I have never been so na've as to believe that we can get beyond our racial divisions in a single election cycle,
254
00:23:55,062 --> 00:24:00,873
甚或是一任總統任期中
超越我們的種族歧見
or with a single candidacy 255
00:24:00,908 --> 00:24:02,201
尤其是......
256
00:24:08,513 --> 00:24:12,265
尤其是如我一般不完美的競選人
- particularly a candidacy as imperfect as my own.
257
00:24:13,545 --> 00:24:16,430
但我確立了一個堅定的信念
But I have asserted a firm conviction
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00:24:16,465 --> 00:24:22,351
一個來自於我對上帝的信心
及我對美國人民的信念
- a conviction rooted in my faith in God and my faith in the American people
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00:24:22,386 --> 00:24:27,035
當一起合作時，我們可以跨過
一些陳年的種族傷痕
that working together we can move beyond some of our old racial wounds,
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